Small Ruminant Husbandry Plan

Used in

• Chapter 8 The Cow, the Pig and the Hen
• Chapter 14 Milk into Cheese

On the Menu

Fresh goat cheese with honey

The rows that check it

• 13 confirmed
• 5 amended
• 1 partly confirmed
• 5 marked for safety

• A68 amended Safety Acorns and oak leaves kill sheep (kidney); goats eat them without harm
• A69 amended Safety Q fever precautions: cloth over mouth at every birth, afterbirth and bedding buried in quicklime or ash, milk for the vulnerable held half an hour at a heat the hand cannot bear
• M1 amended Safety Milk for the vulnerable: 63 °C held 30 min with stirring; the finger cue for 63 °C; raw-milk hazards (Coxiella, Listeria, Brucella, E. coli O157)
• M2 amended Safety Strip cup test; milk from a flaky, clotted or bloody quarter is never used for cheese
• M3 amended Safety Milk at body heat doubles its bacteria every 20 min; keeps 2 days at 10 °C, most of a week at 4 °C
• A62 confirmed Cattle at 650 kg compact and destabilise sand; small ruminants preferred on the sand
• A63 confirmed Thüringer Wald Ziege bred c. 1900 from Thuringian forest goats and Toggenburg; 700 to 900 kg per lactation by breed, c. 580 by 137's own curve; 3.5 to 3.9 per cent fat; twins in …
• A64 confirmed Bunte Deutsche Edelziege standard 1928; goat milk fat globules half the cow's size, no agglutinin, no cream line; a fifth of fat short-chain
• A65 confirmed Rauhwolliges Pommersches Landschaf 60 kg, 1.5 lambs, 3 to 5 kg wool, 80 to 120 kg milk at 18 to 20 per cent solids after weaning; Skudde 40 kg, heath sheep of the Baltic, in …
• A66 confirmed Household of 4 does and 6 ewes: c. 2,800 l milk, 220 to 260 kg dressed meat, 18 to 24 kg wool, 6 to 8 kids and 8 to 10 lambs, c. 1,010 h a year, 4.5 ha (pasture 1.5 to 2.0 in 8 …
• A67 confirmed Sand pasture 1,800 to 2,800 kg DM/ha unimproved, 3,800 to 4,800 with plantain, chicory, trefoil, burnet; winter feeding 215 days; tree hay a third of a goat's and a sixth of a …
• A70 confirmed Thaer to Möglin 1804; Frankenfelde royal sheepfold 1816 with Hardenberg; Koppe on the Eckardstein estates and in the Oderbruch; the Gemeindeschäfer and the Pferchrecht; a night's …
• A71 confirmed 137's village of 300: 45 to 50 does, 150 to 160 ewes, 45 to 60 ha heath, 40 to 50 ha hay, 15 ha hedge, 2 shepherds, c. 5,800 h; 100 ml goat milk a head a day, c. 10 kg lamb a year
• A72 confirmed Goat milking 70 to 90 strokes a minute, pre-dip thyme and sage, post-dip sour whey with tallow or rosin, canal open 30 min, healthy milk pH 6.4 to 6.7; buck 150 m downwind; …
• A73 confirmed Kid colostrum 50 ml per kg within 2 h, absorption nearly done by 4 h; navel cut to a finger's length and 30 s in iodine; assist after 45 min of straining
• A80 partly confirmed Hedersleben 1865: 337 ill, 101 dead from one pig; untreated trichinellosis case fatality 15 to 30 per cent; 148's cow (6 t milk, 490 kg beef on 1.5 ha) is 117's goat household …
• M16 confirmed Cow on grass and hay 4,000 to 6,000 litres a year; goat 700 to 1,000
• M17 confirmed 10 litres of cow's milk to 1 kg hard cheese, 6 of ewe's; a cow's year as 200 kg cheese and 100 kg butter; cheese 3,000 to 4,000 kcal/kg and a week's calcium
• M40 confirmed Goat's cheese: 10 l, 150 ml whey, 90 min, 3 to 4 drops rennet (a scant teaspoon of home-made), 24 h, drain 24 h, 120 g, 2 % salt with beech ash, 10 days at 85 % RH

In the Index

Goats and sheep Milk, butter and cheese Animal health Berlin and Brandenburg