THRIVING after the FALL

The Index · A subject

Jars, glass and the canner

Glass and the jar, the water bath and the pressure canner, and the rules against botulism.

7 documents · 2 chapters · 33 rows

In the chapters

Documents 7

Sources

  • Guide USDA Complete Guide to Home Canning (2015) and the National Center for Home Food Preservation

All the sources

In the log 33

  • 17 confirmed
  • 10 amended
  • 1 partly confirmed
  • 5 unresolved
  • 19 marked for safety
  • I6 confirmed Safety Grinder: guard on, never above rated speed, never a cracked wheel, light pressure; safety glasses; cotton or wool, never synthetics; water and sand at hand
  • K3 unresolved Safety As-quenched blade is glass-hard and can shatter if dropped; temper within the hour or it can crack on the bench by itself
  • O8 confirmed Safety Dried herbs carry Salmonella, E. coli, B. cereus, S. aureus; drying is no kill step; cold brew only with pasteurised herbs; botulism in sealed low-acid brews
  • B15 amended Safety Broth is a two-day food: boiled again every day or reduced by nine tenths to a glaze; a warm pot overnight is the botulism jar of Ch 12, thrown out not boiled
  • B9 amended Safety Trichinella: every part of an untested pig cooked to 70 °C at centre; no raw Mett, cold-smoked raw sausage or air-dried ham from an untested pig; dies in 1 min at 60, at …
  • E17 unresolved Safety Eel critically endangered (IUCN); glass-eel recruitment a few per cent of 1980 levels; EU Eel Regulation 1100/2007
  • E7 confirmed Safety Clostridium botulinum type E (and non-proteolytic B, F) in the mud and fish gut of fresh waters; grows and makes toxin at 3.3 °C without air; hot-smoked fish not …
  • E8 confirmed Safety Household rule: hot-smoked fish 4–5 days in the cellar in open air, 2 on the summer table; never a sealed jar, bag or under oil; keep for months only as salt-dried fish …
  • C1 amended Safety Water bath: 10 min for jams and pickles in half-litre jars; 20 to 25 min for whole fruit and acidified tomatoes in litre jars; 5 min more per 300 m altitude; tomatoes …
  • C2 amended Safety Pressure canner: 116 °C at 0.7 bar (10 psi) at sea level; vent 10 min; meat and stock in litre jars 90 min; beans, carrots, beetroot 25 to 30 min; restart timing if …
  • C3 confirmed Safety Boil every home-canned low-acid jar hard for 10 min before eating
  • C5 amended Safety Botulinum spores survive boiling for hours; pH 4.6 line; 116 to 121 °C kills spores; a few millionths of a gram of toxin kills an adult; toxin destroyed by boiling
  • C6 amended Safety Never reuse a rubber ring that has sealed a low-acid jar; keep three spare sets; stop pressure canning when rings run out
  • D3 amended Safety Ethanol vapour ignites above a flame; a sealed still is a bomb; never seal a still; water bath or gentle fire, never a bare flame under a thin pot
  • D6 amended Safety Bottles burst when bottled with residual sugar or over-primed; bottle only when hydrometer steady for a fortnight; prime at no more than 5 g sugar per litre; gloves and …
  • T3 confirmed Safety Lye stored lidded, labelled, high shelf, never in a bottle that ever held a drink; children taught the sign
  • T54 amended Safety Bottle cutting: single score, oil-soaked string burnt about a minute, cold-water plunge, wet grinding, no fire polish without annealing; lead crystal rings 3 to 6 s, …
  • T6 unresolved Safety Beeswax flash/ignition ~200 °C and above; render in water bath, never over a bare flame reaching a dry pot; never water on burning wax
  • J7 amended Safety When the last canner gasket hardens canning is over; low-acid food is salted, smoked, dried, soured or cellared, never sealed (botulism)
  • H13 confirmed Hannah Glasse 1747, dripping pan "very clean and nice" for a roasting hare; William Kitchiner, Cook's Oracle 1817, pulse of 100,800 beats a day as a timer, physician …
  • H36 confirmed Cob oven build: bottle-and-slurry or vermiculite base, firebrick floor with a finger's gap, sand form 60 to 90 cm by 40 cm, 1:3 clay to sand 8 to 10 cm, straw layer 10 …
  • I32 confirmed File fracture test: through-hardened snaps with fine silky grey grain; cased bends and shows glassy rim round fibrous core
  • G45 confirmed Jar test: sand settles in a minute, silt in an hour, clay overnight
  • F70 partly confirmed Ellis-Roberts safe moisture and life in a sealed cellar jar at 8 to 12 °C: tomato 6 to 7 % 5 to 7 y, bean 9 to 11 % 3 to 5 y, pea 9 to 11 % 4 to 6 y, cabbage 5 to 6 % 4 …
  • C24 confirmed Weck jar with glass lid, rubber ring and clips sold from 1900, firm in Öflingen
  • M15 unresolved Acid sets milk at pH 4.6; "the same number as the canning line and not a coincidence"
  • D44 unresolved Korn: unhopped rye or wheat beer distilled twice; Prussian potato schnapps the 19th century's cheapest spirit, sold by the bucket from the estates east of the Elbe; …
  • D45 confirmed Still: 10 to 20 l pot, coil 5 to 7 m in cold water; wash at 6 to 10 % ABV, racked clean; fill two-thirds; heart in 200 ml jars; 10 l at 8 % gives about 1 l at 40 %
  • T36 confirmed Beeswax: mp 63–65 °C; render in water bath at 65–70 °C, strain, float and re-melt; dip at 70–75 °C; mould at 65–70 °C; shrinks ~10 % so hold back a tenth and top up; …
  • T53 confirmed Johann Kunckel 1630 to 1703, Hakendamm glassworks near Potsdam late 1670s, Pfaueninsel 1685, Ars Vitraria Experimentalis 1679, ruby glass; Baruth glassworks founded …
  • T55 confirmed Glass not made by the household: furnace 1,300 to 1,350 °C, 350 to 450 kg charcoal per 100 kg glass; a village glassworks about 24 Klafter and 2,400 h a year
  • J23 confirmed 120's 156.5 h/yr split: daily wipe/oil 65 (0.18 h/day), charcoal 30, forging 15, handles 7.5, canner 1, barrels 4, field honing 15, peening 10, saw filing 9; sharpening …
  • J28 confirmed Consumables list: files, gaskets, jar lids, needles, rennet, sulphur, matches, glass, salt; stockpile or trade; Ch 2's mine for files